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碳中和 5

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Performance investigation of artificial intelligence based controller for three phase four leg shunt active filter

J. JAYACHANDRAN,R. MURALI SACHITHANANDAM

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第4期   页码 446-460 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0378-2

摘要： In this paper, the choice of power quality compensator is a DSTATCOM which constitutes a three phase four leg voltage source converter (VSC) with a DC capacitor. The control strategy proposed for the DSTATCOM is a neural network based one cycle control (OCC). This control strategy involves neural network block, digital circuits and linear elements, which eliminates the sensors required for sensing the load current and coupling inductor current in addition to the multiplier employed in the conventional method. The calculation of harmonic and reactive currents for the reference current generation is also eliminated, thus minimizing the complexity in the control strategy. The control strategy mitigates harmonic/reactive currents, ensures balanced and sinusoidal source current from the supply mains that are nearly in phase with the supply voltage, compensates neutral current, and maintains voltage across the capacitor under unbalanced source and load conditions. The performance of the DSTATCOM with the proposed artificial neural network (ANN) controllers is validated and investigated through simulations using Matlab software. The simulation results prove the efficacy of the proposed neural network based control strategy under varying source and load conditions.

关键词： neural network     DSTATCOM     neutral current mitigation     total harmonic distortion (THD)     three phase four wire distribution system     unbalanced and/or distorted source    

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Unified power quality conditioner based on a three-level NPC inverter using fuzzy control techniques for all voltage disturbances compensation

Salim CHENNAI,M-T BENCHOUIA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 221-239 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0317-7

摘要： This paper presents a novel and efficient control scheme for unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) based on three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter using fuzzy logic techniques. The proposed UPQC is capable of mitigating source current harmonics and compensate all voltage disturbances such as voltage sags, swells, unbalances and harmonics. It is designed by the integration of series and shunt active filters (AFs) sharing a common DC bus capacitor. The DC voltage is maintained constant using proportional integral voltage controller. The synchronous reference frame (SRF) theory is used to get the reference signals for shunt active power filters (APFs) and the power reactive theory (p-q theory) for series APFs. The shunt and series APF reference signals derived from the control algorithm and sensed signals are injected in two controllers to generate switching signals. To improve the UPQC capability, fuzzy logic techniques are introduced to control the series APF. The performances of the proposed UPQC system are evaluated in terms of power factor correction, mitigation of voltage or current harmonics and all other voltage disturbances compensation using Matlab-Simulink software and SimPowerSystem toolbox. The simulation results illustrate the performance of the proposed UPQC at the common connection point of the nonlinear load to improve the power energy quality.

关键词： three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) inverter     unified power quality conditioner (UPQC)     current harmonics mitigation     fuzzy logic controller     voltage disturbance compensation     shunt active filter     series active filter     power quality energy improvement    

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碳中和愿景下的中国能源转型之路 Article

张枢, 陈文颖

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第14卷 第7期   页码 64-76 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.09.004

摘要：

为了实现碳中和，中国能源系统需要经历深刻转型。本文利用能源-环境-经济模型China TIMES，设计了4个面向碳中和的能源转型情景，对因实现碳达峰时间不同和2050年碳排放量不同引起的转型路径差异进行了比较。结果显示，中国的二氧化碳排放量将在2025—2030年达到103亿~104亿吨的峰值。2050年，中国能源消费总量（电热当量）的60%、发电量的90%将由可再生能源提供，终端电气化率提升至接近60%。能源转型将带来持续的空气质量改善，2050年局地空气污染物排放较2020年减少85%，而提前达峰能够产生更多的近期收益。提前达峰要求在未来10年大量部署可再生能源，并在2025年后加速淘汰煤炭，这加大了近期的减排压力。然而，这些措施能尽早获得更好的空气质量，减少二氧化碳累计排放，为其他部门的转型争取更多时间。另外，本研究还发现，中国2050年的减排压力会在近期对可再生能源的发展、能源服务需求变化和福利损失产生影响。

关键词： 碳中和     能源转型     气候变化减缓     China TIMES模型     协同效应    

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SOIL ORGANIC CARBON SEQUESTRATION MATTERS BUT IS NO PANACEA FOR CARBON-NEUTRAL AGRICULTURE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第2期   页码 281-284 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022470

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从全球城市视角解码水系统碳中和 Article

林家良, 刘刚, Anne Marieke Motelica-Wagenaar, Jan Peter van der Hoek

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第14卷 第7期   页码 77-85 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.04.012

摘要：

当前，很多城市已做出碳中和承诺，城市水系统也可以为构建碳中和城市贡献力量。本研究采用多城市时序分析法，评估了阿姆斯特丹、墨尔本、纽约和东京等四个城市，在水系统温室气体（GHG）排放管理方 面的进展情况及经验教训。这些城市在水系统温室气体减排目标制定和排放情况报告方面，一直走在世界前列。尽管这些年来多次“反弹”，但相比十多年前，这4个城市水系统的温室气体排放量都有所下降，近三年平均减排量达到13%~32%。温室气体排放量下降归功于多种工程措施，如太阳能和小型水力发电、沼气定价、污泥消化、焚烧及曝气系统优化等。与此同时，这些城市认识到，在实现碳中和目标的道路上仍有众多挑战，包括动态变化的需水量和降雨量、碳密集型防洪和供水战略、满足新的空气和水质标准以及修正温室气体排放核算方法等。本研究也证实，水系统靠自身实现碳中和十分困难，必须扩大常规的系统边界，统筹外部的工程和非工程机会，携手其他行业共同构建碳中和城市。

关键词： 城市水系统     温室气体排放     全球城市     缓解气候变化     碳中和    

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Transition towards carbon-neutral electrical systems for China: Challenges and perspectives

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第3期   页码 504-508 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0220-6

关键词： carbon neutrality     power systems     electrification     renewable energy    

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GREENHOUSE GAS AND AMMONIA EMISSION MITIGATION PRIORITIES FOR UK POLICY TARGETS

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第2期   页码 268-280 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023495

摘要：

● An expert survey highlighted the most effective strategies for GHG and ammonia mitigation.

关键词： agriculture     ammonia     greenhouse gas     mitigation     net zero    

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Towards neutral steer and sideslip reduction for four-wheeled electric vehicles

Guisheng ZHAI, Masayuki NAKA, Tomoaki KOBAYASHI, Joe IMAE

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第7卷 第1期   页码 16-22 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0316-5

摘要：

This paper proposes an approach to achieving both neutral steer and sideslip reduction for four-wheeled electric vehicles. The control problem is reduced to constructing a servo system tracking appropriate reference input, where the tracking is realized in the framework of ?∞ control. To deal with time-varying vehicle velocity for practical purpose, a gain scheduling strategy is developed to obtain the controller, where the lower and upper bounds of the velocity are used to obtain a polytopic range for the parameters in the system coefficient matrices. A numerical example is given to show validity of the proposed approach.

关键词： four-wheeled electric vehicles     neutral steer     sideslip reduction     servo system     ?∞ control&sortBy=weightDesc"> ?∞ control')" href="#">?∞ control     gain scheduling     linear matrix inequality (LMI)    

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Smart systems engineering contributing to an intelligent carbon-neutral future: opportunities, challenges

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 1023-1029 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2142-6

摘要： This communication paper provides an overview of multi-scale smart systems engineering (SSE) approaches and their applications in crucial domains including materials discovery, intelligent manufacturing, and environmental management. A major focus of this interdisciplinary field is on the design, operation and management of multi-scale systems with enhanced economic and environmental performance. The emergence of big data analytics, internet of things, machine learning, and general artificial intelligence could revolutionize next-generation research, industry and society. A detailed discussion is provided herein on opportunities, challenges, and future directions of SSE in response to the pressing carbon-neutrality targets.

关键词： machine learning     modeling     material     industrial applications     environment    

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Fire hazard in transportation infrastructure: Review, assessment, and mitigation strategies

Venkatesh KODUR, M. Z. NASER

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 46-60 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0676-6

摘要： This paper reviews the fire problem in critical transportation infrastructures such as bridges and tunnels. The magnitude of the fire problem is illustrated, and the recent increase in fire problems in bridges and tunnels is highlighted. Recent research undertaken to address fire problems in transportation structures is reviewed, as well as critical factors governing the performance of those structures. Furthermore, key strategies recommended for mitigating fire hazards in bridges and tunnels are presented, and their applicability to practical situations is demonstrated through a practical case study. Furthermore, research needs and emerging trends for enhancing the “state-of-the-art” in this area are discussed.

关键词： fire hazard     bridges     tunnels     fire resistance     mitigation strategies     transportation infrastructure    

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Electrolyzed water and its application in animal houses

Weichao ZHENG,Li NI,Baoming LI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第3期   页码 195-205 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016109

摘要： Electrolyzed water (EW) can be produced by electrolysis of a dilute salt solution. Slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW, pH 5.0–6.5) and neutral electrolyzed water (NEW, pH 6.5–8.5) are considered healthy and environmentally friendly because no hazardous chemicals are added in its production, there is reduced corrosion of surfaces and it minimizes the potential for damage to animal and human health. Over the last decade, EW has become increasingly popular as an alternative disinfectant for decontamination in animal houses. However, there have been some issues related to EW that are not well known, including different mechanisms for generation of SAEW and NEW, and the antimicrobial mechanism of EW. This review covers the definitions of SAEW and NEW, different generation systems for SAEW and NEW, the antimicrobial mecha- nism of EW, and recent developments related to the application of SAEW and NEW in animal houses.

关键词： disinfection     poultry and livestock     slightly acidic electrolyzed water     neutral electrolyzed water    

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Nickel-carbonate nanowire array: An efficient and durable electrocatalyst for water oxidation under nearly neutral

Yuyao Ji, Min Ma, Xuqiang Ji, Xiaoli Xiong, Xuping Sun

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 467-472 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1717-8

摘要：

It is highly attractive but still remains a great challenge to develop an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction under nearly neutral conditions. In this work, we report the transformation of Ni3S2 nanowire array on nickel foam into the amorphous nickel carbonate nanowire array on nickel foam (NiCO3/NF). The resulting NiCO3/NF shows high electrocatalytic activity towards water oxidation and affords current density of 50 mA·cm−2 at overpotential of 395 mV in 1.0 mol·L−1 KHCO3. Moreover, this NiCO3/NF is also durable with a long-term electrochemical durability of 60 h. This catalyst electrode achieves a high turnover frequency of 0.21 mol O2·s−1 at the overpotential of 500 mV.

关键词： water oxidation     NiCO3/NF     nearly neutral conditions     superior activity     electocatalyst    

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Greenhouse gas emissions mitigation and economic viability of sugar crops in China

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023529

摘要：

● Sugarcane and sugar beet yield and carbon footprint rose with time but profit declined

关键词： Economic profits     GHG emissions     labor input     nitrogen input     sugar    

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Achievements, challenges and global implications of China’s carbon neutral pledge

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1532-9

摘要： China has been committed to achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. China’s pledge of carbon neutrality will play an essential role in galvanising global climate action, which has been largely deferred by the Covid-19 pandemic. China’s carbon neutrality could reduce global warming by approximately 0.2–0.3 °C and save around 1.8 million people from premature death due to air pollution. Along with domestic benefits, China’s pledge of carbon neutrality is a “game-changer” for global climate action and can inspire other large carbon emitters to contribute actively to mitigate carbon emissions, particularly countries along the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) routes. In order to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, it is necessary to decarbonise all sectors in China, including energy, industry, transportation, construction, and agriculture. However, this transition will be very challenging, because major technological breakthroughs and large-scale investments are required. Strong policies and implementation plans are essential, including sustainable demand, decarbonizing electricity, electrification, fuel switching, and negative emissions. In particular, if China can peak carbon emissions earlier, it can lower the costs of the carbon neutral transition and make it easier to do so over a longer time horizon. China’s pledge of carbon neutrality by 2060 and recent pledges at the 26th UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP26) are significant contributions and critical steps for global climate action. However, countries worldwide need to achieve carbon neutrality to keep the global temperature from growing beyond the level that will cause catastrophic damages globally.

关键词： Carbon neutrality     Carbon peak     Renewable energy     Negative emission     Carbon capture     Utilisation and storage     Nature-based solution    

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Temporal evolution of charged and neutral nanoparticle concentrations during atmospheric new particle

E. Rohan Jayaratne, Buddhi Pushpawela, Lidia Morawska

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0862-x

摘要： Over 100 new particle formation events were studied. In 50 events, charged and neutral particles were not formed at the same time. In 42 of these events the charged particles formed before the neutral particles. Their subsequent growth rates were not determined by the particle charge. The result suggests that ion induced nucleation plays a role in particle formation. Time series of nanoparticle number concentration during new particle formation (NPF) events in the urban environment of Brisbane, Australia, showed that the formation of charged particles often occurred before that of neutral particles. We monitored 241 days during the calendar year 2012 over which NPF events were observed on 108 days. We studied the times at which the charged and neutral particle concentrations in the size range 1.8–3.2 nm reached their peak values and found that they were clearly different in 50 events with the peak neutral particle concentration lagging behind the charged particle concentration during 42 of these events with a mean time lag of 24±12 min. While the charged particles were more likely to form before the neutral particles, once formed, the growth rate of the particles did not depend on their charge. While ion-induced nucleation is not the dominant mechanism of NPF in the atmosphere, our observations suggest that the presence of ions in the atmosphere plays a role that cannot be ignored.

关键词： Charged particles     Cluster ions     Secondary particles     Environmental pollution    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Performance investigation of artificial intelligence based controller for three phase four leg shunt active filter

J. JAYACHANDRAN,R. MURALI SACHITHANANDAM

期刊论文

Unified power quality conditioner based on a three-level NPC inverter using fuzzy control techniques for all voltage disturbances compensation

Salim CHENNAI,M-T BENCHOUIA

期刊论文

碳中和愿景下的中国能源转型之路

张枢, 陈文颖

期刊论文

SOIL ORGANIC CARBON SEQUESTRATION MATTERS BUT IS NO PANACEA FOR CARBON-NEUTRAL AGRICULTURE

期刊论文

从全球城市视角解码水系统碳中和

林家良, 刘刚, Anne Marieke Motelica-Wagenaar, Jan Peter van der Hoek

期刊论文

Transition towards carbon-neutral electrical systems for China: Challenges and perspectives

期刊论文

GREENHOUSE GAS AND AMMONIA EMISSION MITIGATION PRIORITIES FOR UK POLICY TARGETS

期刊论文

Towards neutral steer and sideslip reduction for four-wheeled electric vehicles

Guisheng ZHAI, Masayuki NAKA, Tomoaki KOBAYASHI, Joe IMAE

期刊论文

Smart systems engineering contributing to an intelligent carbon-neutral future: opportunities, challenges

期刊论文

Fire hazard in transportation infrastructure: Review, assessment, and mitigation strategies

Venkatesh KODUR, M. Z. NASER

期刊论文

Electrolyzed water and its application in animal houses

Weichao ZHENG,Li NI,Baoming LI

期刊论文

Nickel-carbonate nanowire array: An efficient and durable electrocatalyst for water oxidation under nearly neutral

Yuyao Ji, Min Ma, Xuqiang Ji, Xiaoli Xiong, Xuping Sun

期刊论文

Greenhouse gas emissions mitigation and economic viability of sugar crops in China

期刊论文

Achievements, challenges and global implications of China’s carbon neutral pledge

期刊论文

Temporal evolution of charged and neutral nanoparticle concentrations during atmospheric new particle

E. Rohan Jayaratne, Buddhi Pushpawela, Lidia Morawska

期刊论文